![]() Water is freely permeable to the cellular membrane. Potassium provides the major intracellular osmotic force that holds water within the cell. It is not freely permeable to the cell membrane ( yellow arrow). Sodium is the primary component of the osmotic pressure in the capillary and interstitium, and is freely permeable to the capillary membrane. The stroke volume is dependent on the preload, thereby a driving force behind the Pc. The Pc is the major force favoring fluid movement from the capillary into the interstitium. The Starling’s forces across the capillary membrane favor the retention of water in the capillary due to a higher concentration of colloid molecules ( green circles) in the intravascular space compared to the subglycocalyx space. The interstitial fluid compartment makes up 75% of the ECF compartment (25% of the TBW), and the intravascular fluid compartment makes up 25% of the ECF compartment (8% of the TBW) (see Figure 2.1).įigure 2.1 Schematic of body water dynamics at the level of the capillary. The extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment is further divided by the vascular membrane into intravascular and interstitial compartments. There are two major compartments where water is located: the intracellular compartment (66% TBW, 0.4 L/kg) and the extracellular compartment (33% TBW, 0.2 L/kg), which are separated by the cell membrane. The total body water (TBW) is partitioned into segments according to how water is contained. Sixty percent of the body mass (0.6 L/kg) is made up of water. Dissipation of heat occurs through the evaporation of water. Within the cell, water provides a medium for organelles and for expansion of the cell membrane. In the interstitial space, water facilitates movement of these substances between the capillary and the cell. It is the transport medium that brings oxygen, solutes, and hormones to the interstitium and delivers waste products to the liver, kidneys, and lungs for breakdown and excretion. Water is the most essential nutrient of the body. ![]() 1 (Formerly) Animal Emergency Center, Gainesville, FloridaĢ Lakeshore Veterinary Specialists, Milwaukee, Wisconsin ![]()
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